Madbury vs. Madison Essay Example

Madbury vs. Madison Essay Example Madbury vs. Madison Essay Madbury vs. Madison Essay President Adams appointed William Marbury to the position of justice of the peace in 1801. However, Marbury failed to receive his commission before the end of the Adams Administration. The new Jefferson administration had ordered the secretary of state (James Madison) not to deliver Marburys commission. By the Judiciary Act of 1789, Marbury sued Madison in the Supreme Court seeking a writ of mandamus forcing Madison to deliver Marburys commission.Issues: 1) Whether Marbury has a right to his commission. 2) Whether the law supplies a way to realize this right. 3) Whether the Supreme Court can lawfully issue a writ of mandamus to Madison. Reasoning: (Marshal) 1) Marbury does have legal right to his commission because it was issued by the President and sealed by the Secretary of State. This is confirmed by the act of 1801 when Marburys position in office was created and confirmed by the senate. ) Once Marbury was appointed to office, the position was signed and sealed, thus completing the appointment process. Denial of commission then becomes a violation of the law. It is not in the Presidents discretionary power to deny this commission. Thus, a remedy may be realized in the form of a writ of mandamus. 3) Issuing a writ of mandamus would be in conflict with original and appellate jurisdiction. The writ of mandamus demands an original action by a court of law, forcing an officer of the government to perform some specific duty.However, Article III section 2 of the Constitution limits the Supreme Courts jurisdiction to cases concerning foreign ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, and to cases in which the state is a party. Neither Marbary nor Madison are a party to any of those categories. Significance: This case is significant because it is the first example of the Supreme Court exercising judicial review to deem a provision of federal law as being invalid.This decision set into place the doctrine of judicial review. This gives the Supreme Court the authority to declare statutes unconstitutional. Thus, legislature can not pass laws contradictory to the constitution. Because it is the Supreme Courts role to interpret laws and resolve conflicts between them, the Supreme Court must have the power to interpret the Constitution and decide if a law passed conflicts with it. Marshall exercised a great deal of constitutional logic when exercising the judicial review.

Queen Victoria Quotes

Queen Victoria Quotes Queen Victoria, the longest-ruling monarch of Great Britain, ruled during a time of economic and imperial expansion, and gave her name to the Victorian Era. Selected Queen Victoria Quotations We are not amused. (attributed) Please understand that there is no one depressed in this house; we are not interested in the possibilities of defeat; they do not exist. Move Queen Anne? Most certainly not! Why it might some day be suggested that my statue should be moved, which I should much dislike. (about moving a statue of Queen Anne for Victorias Diamond Jubilee) The Queen is most anxious to enlist every one who can speak or write to join in checking this mad, wicked folly of Womans Rights, with all its attendant horrors, on which her poor feeble sex is bent, forgetting every sense of womanly feeling and propriety. The important thing is not what they think of me, but what I think of them. His purity was too great, his aspiration too high for this poor, miserable world! His great soul is now only enjoying that for which it was worthy! When I think of a merry, happy, free young girl and look at the ailing, aching state a young wife generally is doomed to which you cant deny is the penalty of marriage. I feel sure that no girl would go to the altar if she knew all. An ugly baby is a very nasty object, and the prettiest is frightful when undressed. I dont dislike babies, though I think very young ones rather disgusting. I would venture to warn against too great intimacy with artists as it is very seductive and a little dangerous. Great events make me quiet and calm; it is only trifles that irritate my nerves. He speaks to Me as if I was a public meeting. (of Mr. Gladstone) More About Queen Victoria Queen Victoria BiographyHow Is Queen Elizabeth II Related to Queen Victoria?   About These Quotes Quote collection assembled by Jone Johnson Lewis. Each quotation page in this collection and the entire collection  © Jone Johnson Lewis. This is an informal collection assembled over many years. I regret that I am not be able to provide the original source if it is not listed with the quote.

Utilitarian Objects as Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Utilitarian Objects as Art - Essay Example As such, it was used not only on a daily basis, but also many times throughout the day. The Clock has a minimal color base combining a muted grey exterior, with a white and black interior. To a great degree it is recognized that this minimal color base functions as a means of functionality. In these regards, the white and black functions as a means of creating a visual juxtaposition that allows the user to view the clock clearly and from a distance. As a readymade the Clock has a complex artistic meaning. One recognizes the centrality of this device to the daily lives of 20th century citizens. In these regards, the object is an articulation and manifestation of the very engine of social existence. The Clock contains the traditional hands pointing to numbers, as well as a digital interface for the date. This hybridity of design is a testament to the shifting sociocultural landscape that the emerging world found themselves in at the concluding period of the 20th century, as traditional modes of living clashed with an infusion of digital culture. This post-modern combinatory aesthetic opens the art object to meditative contemplation. The viewer is led to consider Marshall Mcluhan who famously noted that the medium is the message. While Mcluhan was referring to the televisual apparatus and its media dissemination message, the Clock opens this dialectic to demonstrate that time is the very medium that governs our daily existence. In this context of understanding the hybrid traditional and digital presentation is a clear indication of the shifting medium and fabric of our daily existence. In the 21st century the days of our lives are increasingly measured and mediated through a digital medium. When considered in the context of Einstein’s theory of relativity one recognizes that the very nature of time is mutable and transformative. The impact of such a shift is both demonstrative of the

Air-turbine performance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Air-turbine performance - Coursework Example Firstly, the turbine may experience some heating for the atmosphere and if it operates at a temperature less than that of the atmosphere, the heating process will result to a transfer of energy to the turbine hence an increase in the shaft work output. Secondly, the turbine may experience effects of friction from either the air-stream or shaft bearings and this will lead to a reduction to the shaft work output. The magnitude of these two heating processes are rather difficult to measure hence for the purpose of this experiment, such effects will be noted so as to help in explaining the trends of the measurements obtained. The diagram below shows a schematic arrangement of an air-turbine A high pressure from station 1 passes through a turbine and is exhausted at station 2 under a low pressure. Consequently, temperature T1 at station 1 falls to T2 at station 2 and these are measured using a thermocouple. Due to energy extraction, shaft work Wx is produced and this can be measured by use of brake-dynamometer. Therefore, in the plot of a graph of Wx against Cp (T2 -T1), any deviation from a straight line gradient passing through the origin will be attributed to factor - Wf + Q hence an evaluation of these two terms may result in either a negative, positive or zero value. Theoretically, the rotational speed of the turbine is expected to vary. Also the percentage of the energy extracted from the air stream that is converted to useful shaft will vary with the rotational speed and will reach an optimum at the design speed of the turbine. d) The turbine speed was measure through the help of the tachometer once the turbine speed and inlet and outlet temperatures had stabilized. This speed values were recorded alongside the values of T2 and T1. The two graphs are nearly straight line graphs but with a negative gradient. However,

How to Make Your Website Work for You Essay Example for Free

How to Make Your Website Work for You Essay Website Introduction                   A website refers to a collection of webpage like documents that are accessed via the internet. A web page is what you view on your PC screen when you key in a web address, click on a link, or put a question/ query on the search engine. Any information can be contained in a webpage, including color, texts, graphics, sound and animation.                   When somebody gives you their web-address, it actually directs you to their website home page, that introduces you to what that particular site offers in terms of services and other information. From website home page, you can click on the links to reach other subsections of the site. A website can be composed of a single page, or multiple pages depending on what the owner of the site is trying to accomplish. A website can be public or private. Public websites consists information, which are viewed by anybody in the public while private websites are owned by organization for their own purposes e.g. advertising. Web-design                   Web design refers to the design art and the process of merging individual element and aspect of design including shape, line, texture color, etc. into a simple pleasant arrangement. In short, web design is the process and art of creating single web page or the entire websites and may involve both the mechanics and the aesthetics of a website functions though it focuses primarily on the feel and look of a website. All these combined are called the design element. Some of the features combined included in the web production and the web design are animations and graphic creation, font selection, content creation, navigation design, XML/HTML authoring, ecommerce development, and JavaScript programming. A web design is a type/form of electronic publishing. Web Development                   This refers to the creating, building, and maintaining the websites. It encompasses features such as web publishing, web design, database management, and web programming. While the term web designer and web developer are used synonymously, they do not have the same meaning. Strictly, a web designer interfaces by use of CCS and HTML (Harad, 2013). A website developer may involve the work of designing a website, but also may write a web scripts in the languages such as ASP and PHP. Moreover, a developer of website may help maintain and also update a database that is used by a dynamic website. Web Hosting and administration                   According to Harad (2013) Web hosting refers to a type of service in which one computer is set up and configured as an internet server and offers a part of, or its entire resources, for the use in the exchange for various rental fee. One or multiple users can gain access to the information, content or services located on this server by use of another computer called the client computers. The client computers uses the internet to connect with the server computer and displays the content desired to the user.                   On the other hand, web administration is the act of keeping your website well and running. The practice involves the following tasks. Web server administration: keeping the website running. Web software: installing web software. Web security: ensuring server security User accounts: setting up user account. Website builder                   This refers to website creation software, which is full of features, and the widgets, which aids in the creation of the website that you want (Baga, 2013). A website builder allows someone to build the website without the need of the technical knowledge at all. A website builder, also called a website creator, a web builder or online CMS, is a unique kind of a content management system (CMS). While the traditional website content management systems were then designed to administrate a huge website, while the website builder are concerned with the small websites in the small project mind. This implies that the user does not need any programming knowledge or other technical knowhow to install a CMS, create a database or apply a template. Website templates                   A website template is a predesigned webpage or a set of HTML WebPages that anybody can use to plug-in-their personal/own texts and image content into (Peterson, 2009). Generally, they are built with the CSS and HTML code. The website template permits anyone to configure or set up website without having to get somebody who is a professional web designer, or developer, though, many developers usually use this website template to build sites for their own clients. This makes anybody to create a reasonably personal or business website that can be listed in the search engines when the users search for your topic. How to make a website Below are the steps to make a website (Harad, 2013) Get your domain name Get web host and sign up for an account Design your WebPages Testing your websites Collecting credit card information Getting noticed Disadvantages of free websites                   According to Barger (2012) these are the totally free can never deliver any good value and always there is a catch when someone gives you something freely. If you are not paying any cost to the website hosting, probably you are going to pay them in some ways. Not your personal domain. Signing up for free website, you do not get a domain name. The search engine would not rank your website. There is little functionality to your website. Poor support of your website. There is no free advertisement. The website is unprofessionally designed. References Pablos, P., Damiani, E., Lytras, M. D. (2009).  Web 2.0 : The Business Model. New York: Springer. Otonomic Debuts as Website Builder. (2014).  Entertainment Close-up, Peterson, K. (2006). Academic Web Site Design and Academic Templates: Where Does the Library Fit In?.  Information Technology Libraries,  25(4), 217-221. Harad, K. C. (2013). How to Make Your Website Work for You.  Journal Of Financial Planning,  26(8), 18-20. Baga, J., Hoover, L., Wolverton Jr., R. E. (2013). Online, Practical, and Free Cataloging Resources.  Library Resources Technical Services,  57(2), 100-117. Source document

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Hikmat berbicara tentang kekayaan. Hikmat bicara tentang kekuatan. Mungkin beberapa dari kita bertanya-tanya, â€Å"bagaimana bisa hikmat sama dengan uang? Bagaimana bisa hikmat sama dengan perhiasan? Bagaimana bisa hikmat sama dengan takhta?† Kalian benar. Mereka memang tidak sama. Justru hikmat lebih berharga daripada itu semua. Menurut saya hikmat jauh lebih berharga dari apapun, karena dengan hikmat kita bisa menghasilkan uang, meraih kekayaan dan bisa berkuasa. Maka dari itu saya lebih menghargai hikmat daripada hal yang keliatannya berharga itu. Manfaat hikmat bisa saya lihat dari hidup seorang Gusdur, Presiden Indonesia yang ke-4. Ia menggantikan posisi seorang yang luar biasa yaitu B.J. Habibie yang bisa merakit pesawat. Hal tersebut memang luar biasa, tetapi saya lebih mengagumi hikmat serta wibawa yang ada di diri Gusdur (bernama asli Abdurrahman Wahid). Ia memberi contoh yang luar biasa bagi bangsa ini. Ia membunuh rasisme, menghentikan ‘perang’ antar agama. Ia berhasil mengubah pandangan tiap suku terhadap suku lain. Lewat hal ini, ia membuat setiap orang dari setiap kalang...

Profit Leverage Effect of Logistics and Cost Saving Opportunities Essay

Logistics was initially a military term but since the 1960s it has grown and covers various numbers of functional areas such as managing raw materials and inventory, handling of work in progress, storing and delivering of finished goods. It also includes customer service, demand forecasting, plant/warehouse site selection, traffic and transportation. Since it has an effect on most of the activities held within an organization, it has a great influence on the profits made. A recent US study found that logistics accounts for 10% of the Gross Domestic Profit (GDP) and that approximately 56 cents out of every dollar of revenue is spent on managing the purchasing of goods and services.   The process is lengthy but once handled right can run very smoothly and can prove very beneficial to the organization. An organization cannot be competitive and strive in this fiercely competitive corporate world till it delivers end products or services of the desired quality to its customers at the right time, right place and at a price the customer feels is reasonable. The way to sustainable competitive edge lies in improving logistics. Therefore to maintain profit earnings, it is important for firms to manage logistics efficiently. If a chosen supplier fails to deliver the required raw material of an agreed-on quality level at the right time then the firm will incur additional expenses in the form of higher scrap rate, wastage and direct labor. Prompt delivery is required to avoid costly rescheduling of production otherwise efficiency will be decreased. In order to maintain profit levels it is important for firms not only to satisfy customers but to delight them. This again becomes a part of the organizations logistics. To achieve this not only fast and reliable delivery of high quality goods but also innovative design and distribution of ideas is essential. Firms stress on logistics to create differentiation by providing its customers with unique products that are difficult to be imitated by competitors. Logistics is considered as the last point of contact between the organization and its customer and so leveraging successful logistics leads to cost reduction, increased customer satisfaction and market share and so eventually higher profits. Low total product or service cost is significant in logistics so that the firm can have a competitive edge in the market. There are many opportunities to achieve dramatic cost savings but to achieve this, vision and hard work is required. Firms can do this by coordinating the different parts of the supply chain. Departments within firms such as procurement officer, manufacturing, legal and R&D managers need to work in a cross-functional manner and promote joint cost-saving projects. One of the biggest opportunities for cost saving is to reduce the amount of inventory which will automatically drive costs down. This can be done by Just-in-time inventory management that emphasizes on continuous improvement. For this, it is important for firms to develop strong relationship with few, reliable suppliers who deliver raw material in time.   Also Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model, one of the common techniques is used to control inventory. Outsourcing is often used to transfer some of the internal activities of a firm to an outside vendor to achieve greater efficiency and specialization. It is also used as a technique to meet unexpected demands that firms cannot handle. Wastage can be eliminated through focus on what the customers want. This can be done by continuous improvement using Lean Production. It emphasizes on customer focus. Greater efficiencies can be accomplished through use of technology tools that can enable the purchase of low value, low risk goods and services. With the usage of database systems, unnecessary paper work can be eliminated, and real time data can be accessed. Use of E-Commerce to track inventory and coordinate pickup and delivery for end customers can be a great cost saving opportunity. This has been adopted by Cisco and FedEx. Different alternatives of distribution means such as trucking, airfreight, shipping, and railroads should be constantly evaluated. Use of Excel OM and Production and Operation Management (POM) for Windows’ enables firms to correctly plan for the forecasted demand. Further, software like Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) including Supply Chain Management (SCM) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) provide firms with great opportunity to save on costs. Gantt Charts are useful for loading and scheduling. It prevents firms from unnecessary delays in work. Quality is one aspect that firms emphasize on due to growing awareness for better quality goods amongst customers. This can be done by implementing Total Quality Management (TQM), meeting quality standards developed by International Standards Organization (ISO) and by adapting to Six Sigma and Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) model. Mentioned above are some of the greatest costs saving opportunities in today’s world. References Lambert, D.M; Stock, J.R. and Ellram, L.M., (1998). Fundamentals of Logistics Management. Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin McGraw-Hill. http://www.mhhe.com/business/management/leenders12e/information/leenders_ch01.pdf

Life in College

Mohammad Rubel Essay College Life College has changed my life in many ways. Even though I spent only six months in college, I feel it has helped me a lot with my education and social life. Students who enter college usually collide with many problems, and some may think it is just like high school. From my perspective, college life is a life of freedom because it gives a feeling of being an adult, and also at the same time helping out with necessary needs. Life in college meant a new life for me.When I entered my college for the first day, I looked around with a mixed feeling of perplexity, joy, and a little bit of fear. I was puzzled as I was not habituated to college life. After checking around and looking for my class, I saw other students in batches were moving up and down the corridors for their classes; professors were coming smilingly and exchanging greetings with the students in a friendly manner which helped me to calm down and gave me the confidence to move on without being too nervous. Related article: Monash Moodle CollegeSocial life in college is different from high school. Most people do not socialize that much because they are there to get their credits and leave. They just want to finish their courses as fast as they can for business purpose or other reasons (this happens mainly in community college. ) For this reason, college has created many club activities, study groups, library, and other open areas to meet friends or work together, which definitely gives the chance to socialize.Another important thing college has taught me is managing time. I have come to understand how time is precious and how it can improve our lifestyle in so many levels. Balancing time is really important to do well both in college and in other activities like, Jobs, clubs, and spending time with family. After spending some time in classes, I came to realize how fun and easy it can be if a student spends a little bit of his/her time in class activities. College is a wonderful place an d one can make it happen by his/her will.

19 Interesting Selenium Facts

19 Interesting Selenium Facts Selenium is a chemical element that is found in a wide variety of products. Here are some interesting facts about selenium: Selenium gets its name from the Greek word selene, which means moon. Selene was the Greek goddess of the moon.Selenium has atomic number 34,  meaning each atom has 34 protons. The element symbol of selenium is Se.Selenium was discovered jointly in 1817 by  Swedish chemists Jà ¶ns Jakob Berzelius (1779–1848) and Johan Gottlieb Gahn (1745–1818).Although it is uncommonly found, selenium does exist in relatively pure form, free in nature.Selenium is a nonmetal. Like many nonmetals, it exhibits different colors and structures (allotropes) depending on the conditions.Selenium is essential for proper nutrition in many organisms, including humans and other animals, but is toxic in larger amounts and in compounds.Brazil nuts are high in selenium, even if they are grown in soil that is not rich in the element.  A single nut provides enough selenium to meet the daily requirement for a human adult.English electrical engineer Willoughby Smith (1828–1891) discovered tha t selenium reacts to light (photoelectric effect), leading to its use as a light sensor in the 1870s. Scottish-born American inventor Alexander Graham Bell (1847–1922) made a selenium-based photophone in 1879. The primary use of selenium is to decolorize glass,  to color glass red, and to make the pigment China Red. Other uses are in photocells, in laser printers and photocopiers, in steels, in semiconductors, and in assorted medicinal preparations.There are six natural isotopes of selenium. One is radioactive, while the other five are stable. However, the half-life of the unstable isotope is so long that it is essentially stable. Another 23 unstable isotopes have been produced.Selenium salts are used to help control dandruff.Selenium is protective against mercury poisoning.Some plants require high levels of selenium to survive, so the presence of those plants means the soil is rich in the element.Liquid selenium exhibits extremely high surface tension.Selenium and its compounds are anti-fungal.Selenium is important to several enzymes,  including  antioxidant enzymes  glutathione peroxidase  and  thioredoxin reductase and the  deiodinase  enzymes that convert thyroid hormon es into other forms.Approximately 2,000 tons of selenium are extracted annually worldwide. Selenium is most commonly produced as a byproduct of copper refining.The element was featured in the films Ghostbusters and Evolution. More detailed selenium facts are included with the periodic table data.

Selection of Quotes by Seretse Khama

Selection of Quotes by Seretse Khama I think that the trouble we now face in the world is caused mainly by the refusal to try and see another man’s point of view, to try and persuade by example - and the refusal to meet a rather passionate desire to impose your own will upon others, either by force or other means.Seretse Khama, first president of Botswana, from a speech given in Blantyre in July 1967. It should now be our intention to try to retrieve what we can of our past. We should write our own history books to prove that we did have a past, and that it was a past that was just as worth writing and learning about as any other. We must do this for the simple reason that a nation without a past is a lost nation, and a people without a past is a people without a soul.Seretse Khama, first president of Botswana, speech at the University of Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland, 15 May 1970, as quoted in the Botswana Daily News, 19 May 1970. Botswana is a poor country and at present is unable to stand on its own feet and develop its recourses without assistance from its friends.Seretse Khama, first president of Botswana, from his first public speech as president, 6 October 1966. We are convinced that there is justification for all the races that have been brought together in this part of Africa, by the circumstances of history, to live together in peace and harmony, for they have no other home but Southern Africa. Here we will have to learn how to share aspirations and hopes as one people, united by a common belief in the unity of the human race. Here rests our past, our present, and, most importantly of all, our future.Seretse Khama, first president of Botswana, speech at the national stadium on the 10th anniversary of independence in 1976. As quoted in Thomas Tlou, Neil Parsons and Willie Hendersons Seretse Khama 1921-80, Macmillan 1995. [W]e Batswana are not desperate beggars...Seretse Khama, first president of Botswana, from his first public speech as president, 6 October 1966. [D]emocracy, like a little plant, does not grow or develop on its own. If must be nursed and nurtured if it is to grow and flourish. It must be believed in and practiced if it is to be appreciated. And it must be fought for and defended if it is to survive.Seretse Khama, first president of Botswana, speech given at the opening of the fifth session of Botswanas third National Assembly in November 1978. Lefatshe ke kereke yame. Go dira molemo tumelo yame.The world is my church. To do good my religionInscription to be found on Seretse Khamas grave.

Introduction to law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Introduction to law - Essay Example The provided case could be determined as the conduct of fraudulent activity. In relation to the aforementioned case, it can be affirmed that fraud is defined as an act of dishonesty, which is generally undertaken for acquiring certain personal benefits. Under the Fraud Act 2006, a person who founds to be guilty in performing any fraudulent activity is treated under subsection (2). This section of the law defines fraud under three situations i.e. ‘fraud by false representation’, ‘fraud by failing to disclose information’ and ‘fraud by abuse of position’ (Crown, 2006). With this concern, the provided case can be categorised falling into the situation of ‘fraud by false representation.’ It was the private individual i.e. Clark who made a false representation in terms of not disclosing the actual details of the clock and claiming it to be an antique of the 17th century. It can be obviously stated that the dishonest act of Clark dishonesty was intended not to disclose the truth for reaping personal benefits. Thu s, Section 2(3) of the Fraud Act 2006 can be applied in this provided case (Crown, 2006). After acquiring a preliminary understanding about the case provided, it can be affirmed that this case could be placed before the county court. Stewart can file a case in opposition to the fraudulent activity performed by Clark, as he intentionally did not disclosed the details of the good for his own personal gain. Stewart before filling the case must collect all the relevant documents against the defendant i.e. Clark, so that the defendant does not get a scope to strike out the case. The parties could even opt for pre-action claims through settling out the dispute without the intervention of the court. Sanctions regarding the settlement of the dispute could be gained through obtaining a monetary compensation from the party charged with the conduct of fraudulent

What are Some Main Problems the U.S. Faced during Reconstruction Assignment

What are Some Main Problems the U.S. Faced during Reconstruction - Assignment Example The whites were not ready to treat Africans as equals; they, therefore, went ahead to form groups like the famous Ku Klux Clan among others. These groups were used to threaten blacks, warn them not to vote, and later on turned violent on them. This kind of treatment was an indication that the whites in the south were not ready to live with blacks. They, therefore, came up with a law that allowed segregation (Stampp, 136). The federal government had to craft ways of dealing with this problem by setting up Freedmen`s Bureau to support blacks escaping from the south. Abraham Lincoln`s plan to pardon the southern states which seceded was opposed by Congress, who wanted these nations to be punished. The idea behind his plan was that these nations were to be pardoned if they took an oath of allegiance to the United States and if they also create a new government that guaranteed the end of the slave trade. After the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, a group in the Congress known as Radicals Republicans did not allow the southern senators and representatives to join the Congress (Stampp, 301). And they also came up with their own reconstruction act that made it difficult for these nations to be accepted back to the Congress. The compromise of 1877 did not just bring reconstruction to an end, but it also birthed many things. The first of which was to allow Hayes who was a Republican become president, this was also a way that was used to solved elections dispute and also allowed the withdrawal of the remaining federal troops from the south (Stampp, 217). And after Hayes was sworn in as the 19th president of the United States, he immediately ordered the remaining federal troops to be withdrawn from South Carolina and Louisiana. Hayes also came up with plans for election reforms and committed himself to bring the differences between the North and South to an end. Afterward, the Democratic Party was given freedom in the South. Even though many people look at the compromise as a positive thing, the former slaves did no, to them this decision was taking them back to slavery. This is because during reconstruction they became free and also attained both social and political rights.